Difference between revisions of "Pipeworks Spigot Engine"

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== History ==
== History ==
The Spigot engine appears to have been developed for their second game, [[w:Godzilla:_Destroy_All_Monsters_Melee|Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]] (Gamecube, 2002). The June 3rd, 2002 copy of [https://web.archive.org/web/20020603122746/http://www.pipeworks.com:80/gallery.html Pipework's Gallery page] calls the engine Spigot, confirming the name.
The Spigot engine appears to have been developed for [[w:Pipeworks_Studios|Pipeworks Studios']] second game, [[w:Godzilla:_Destroy_All_Monsters_Melee|Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]] (Gamecube, 2002). The June 3rd, 2002 copy of [https://web.archive.org/web/20020603122746/http://www.pipeworks.com:80/gallery.html Pipework's Gallery page] calls the engine Spigot, confirming the name.


It was expanded and ported to multiple platforms, being used as late as 2012 (Wheel of Fortune for the Wii U) by Pipeworks, and 2014 by external developers ([https://store.steampowered.com/app/290810/Colossal_Kaiju_Combat_Kaijuland_Battles/ Colossal Kaiju Combat: Kaijuland Battles], by Sunstone Games)
It was expanded and ported to multiple platforms, being used as late as 2012 (Wheel of Fortune for the Wii U) by Pipeworks, and 2014 by external developers ([https://store.steampowered.com/app/290810/Colossal_Kaiju_Combat_Kaijuland_Battles/ Colossal Kaiju Combat: Kaijuland Battles], by Sunstone Games)


== Games possibly using the Spigot Engine ==
== Games possibly using the Spigot Engine ==
Line 14: Line 14:
!Build date
!Build date
!Internal name
!Internal name
!Game folder (in debug info)
|-
|-
|[[w:Godzilla:_Destroy_All_Monsters_Melee|Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]]
|[[w:Godzilla:_Destroy_All_Monsters_Melee|Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]]
Line 22: Line 23:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|[[w:Godzilla:_Destroy_All_Monsters_Melee|Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]]
|[[w:Godzilla:_Destroy_All_Monsters_Melee|Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee]]
Line 30: Line 32:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Godzilla: Save the Earth
|[[w:Godzilla:_Save_the_Earth|Godzilla: Save the Earth]]
|2004
|2004
|PS2
|PS2
Line 38: Line 41:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Godzilla: Save the Earth
|[[w:Godzilla:_Save_the_Earth|Godzilla: Save the Earth]]
|2004
|2004
|Xbox
|Xbox
|1.3
|4.670 (from XBE)
|09/09/2004
|?
|?
|?
|
|?
|?
|-
|-
|[[w:Rampage:_Total_Destruction|Rampage: Total Destruction]]
|Colossal Kaiju Combat™: Kaijuland Battles
|2014
|Windows (32bit)
|1.30
|1.0.0.467
|09/24/2015
|Kaiju
|-
|Rampage: Total Destruction
|2006
|2006
|GameCube
|GameCube
|1.3
|6.1.0.25
|02/24/2006
|?
|?
|?
|
|?
|?
|-
|-
|Rampage: Total Destruction
|[[w:Rampage:_Total_Destruction|Rampage: Total Destruction]]
|2006
|2006
|Wii
|Wii
Line 70: Line 68:
|10/16/2006
|10/16/2006
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Rampage: Total Destruction
|[[w:Rampage:_Total_Destruction|Rampage: Total Destruction]]
|2006
|2006
|PS2
|PS2
|?
|1.3
|6.1.0.24
|?
|02/23/2006
|?
|RAMPAGE
|?
|
|-
|-
|NHRA Drag Racing: Countdown to the Championship
|NHRA Drag Racing: Countdown to the Championship
Line 83: Line 83:
|PSP
|PSP
|1.4
|1.4
|No version.txt file
|?
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|NHRA Drag Racing: Countdown to the Championship
|NHRA Drag Racing: Countdown to the Championship
|2007
|2007
|PS2
|PS2
|?
|1.4
|2.8.7.626
|?
|06/01/2007
|?
|DRAGRACE
|?
|
|-
|-
|Godzilla: Unleashed
|[[w:Godzilla:_Unleashed|Godzilla: Unleashed]]
|2007
|2007
|PS2
|PS2
|?
|1.4
|1.0.0.0135
|?
|10/12/2007
|?
|GZ3PS2
|?
|
|-
|-
|Godzilla: Unleashed
|[[w:Godzilla:_Unleashed|Godzilla: Unleashed]]
|2007
|2007
|Wii
|Wii
Line 109: Line 112:
|6.12.0.0267
|6.12.0.0267
|10/18/2007
|10/18/2007
|Godzilla3
|?
|
|-
|-
|Boogie
|[[w:Boogie_(video_game)|Boogie]]
|2007
|2007
|PS2
|PS2
Line 118: Line 122:
|10/15/2007
|10/15/2007
|Boogie
|Boogie
|
|-
|Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?: Make the Grade
|2008
|Wii
|1.4
|1.1.0.554
|08/01/2008
|FifthGrader
|
|-
|-
|Merv Griffin's Crosswords
|Merv Griffin's Crosswords
Line 126: Line 140:
|09/26/2008
|09/26/2008
|Crossword
|Crossword
|
|-
|-
|Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian
|[[w:Night_at_the_Museum:_Battle_of_the_Smithsonian_(video_game)|Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian]]
|2009
|2009
|Wii
|Wii
Line 134: Line 149:
|03/07/2009
|03/07/2009
|Night
|Night
|
|-
|-
|Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian
|[[w:Night_at_the_Museum:_Battle_of_the_Smithsonian_(video_game)|Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian]]
|2009
|2009
|Xbox 360
|Xbox 360
|1.03
|No version.txt file
|?
|?
|Night
|?
|?
|
|?
|-
|-
|Charm Girls Club: Pajama Party
|Charm Girls Club: Pajama Party
Line 150: Line 167:
|08/04/2009
|08/04/2009
|GirlsClub
|GirlsClub
|E:\Build\GirlsClub\GirlsClub
|-
|-
|GeoStorm
|[[GeoStorm]]
|2009
|2009
|Windows (32bit)
|Windows (32bit)
Line 158: Line 176:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Monopoly
|Monopoly
Line 166: Line 185:
|?
|?
|Monopoly
|Monopoly
|
|-
|-
|Jeopardy
|Jeopardy
Line 174: Line 194:
|08/11/2010
|08/11/2010
|Jeopardy
|Jeopardy
|E:\Build\WheelJeopardy\Jeopardy
|-
|-
|Wheel of Fortune
|Wheel of Fortune
Line 182: Line 203:
|08/11/2010
|08/11/2010
|Wheel
|Wheel
|E:\Build\WheelJeopardy\Wheel
|-
|-
|Deadliest Warrior
|Deadliest Warrior
Line 190: Line 212:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Deadliest Warrior
|Deadliest Warrior
Line 198: Line 221:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Zumba Fitness
|Zumba Fitness
|2010
|2010
|PS3
|PS3
|v1.20
|?
|?
|?
|?
|Zumba
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Zumba Fitness
|Zumba Fitness
Line 214: Line 239:
|10/11/2010
|10/11/2010
|Zumba
|Zumba
|E:\Build\Zumba\Zumba
|-
|-
|[[w:UDraw_Studio|UDraw Studio]]
|Zumba Fitness
|2010
|Xbox 360
|?
|?
|?
|?
|-
|UDraw Studio
|2010
|2010
|Wii
|Wii
Line 230: Line 248:
|09/11/2010
|09/11/2010
|TabletPaint
|TabletPaint
|E:\Build\TabletPaint\TabletPaint
|-
|-
|Haunted House
|UDraw Studio: Instant Artist
|2010
|Wii
|1.20
|1.0.0.100
|08/19/2010
|HauntedHouse
|P:\ImaginEngine\HauntedHouse\HauntedHouse
|-
|[[w:UDraw_Studio|UDraw Studio: Instant Artist]]
|2011
|2011
|Wii
|Wii
Line 238: Line 266:
|09/05/2011
|09/05/2011
|TabletPaint2
|TabletPaint2
|D:\build\TabletPaint2\TabletPaint2
|-
|-
|Deadliest Warrior: Legends
|Deadliest Warrior: Legends
Line 246: Line 275:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Deadliest Warrior: Legends
|Deadliest Warrior: Legends
Line 254: Line 284:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|[https://www.mobygames.com/game/88235/gremlins-gizmo/ Gremlins: Gizmo]
|2011
|Wii
|1.30
|1.0.0.309
|08/29/2011
|GForce
|E:\Build\GForce\GForce
|-
|[https://monsterhigh.fandom.com/wiki/Ghoul_Spirit_(video_game) Monster High: Ghoul Spirit]
|2011
|Wii
|1.30
|1.0.0.272
|01/11/2013
|Monster
|C:\projects\MonsterHigh_2011\Wii\Monster
|-
|-
|Devil May Cry: HD Collection
|Devil May Cry: HD Collection
Line 262: Line 311:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Devil May Cry: HD Collection
|Devil May Cry: HD Collection<ref>Possibly only uses Spigot for the menu system between the games </ref>
|2012
|2012
|Xbox 360
|Xbox 360
|1.30
|No version.txt file
|?
|?
|X360DMC
|?
|?
|
|?
|-
|-
|Wheel of Fortune
|Wheel of Fortune
Line 278: Line 329:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Wheel of Fortune
|Wheel of Fortune
Line 286: Line 338:
|11/19/2012
|11/19/2012
|Wheel
|Wheel
|
|-
|-
|Wheel of Fortune
|Wheel of Fortune
|2012
|2012
|Xbox 360
|Xbox 360
|1.30
|?
|1.0.0.565
|?
|09/03/2012
|?
|Wheel
|?
|
|-
|-
|Jeopardy!
|Jeopardy!
Line 302: Line 356:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Jeopardy!
|Jeopardy!
|2012
|2012
|Wii U
|Wii U
|1.30
|?
|1.0.0.073
|?
|11/14/2012
|?
|Jeopardy
|?
|
|-
|-
|Jeopardy!
|Jeopardy!
|2012
|2012
|Xbox 360
|Xbox 360
|1.30
|?
|1.0.0.537
|?
|08/21/2012
|?
|Jeopardy
|?
|
|-
|-
|Deadliest Warrior Ancient Combat
|Deadliest Warrior: Ancient Combat
|2012
|2012
|PS3
|PS3
Line 326: Line 383:
|?
|?
|?
|?
|
|-
|-
|Deadliest Warrior Ancient Combat
|Deadliest Warrior: Ancient Combat
|2012
|2012
|Xbox 360
|Xbox 360
|v1.20
|?
|1.0.0.046
|?
|10/14/2011
|?
|DWarrior
|?
|
|-
|[https://store.steampowered.com/app/290810/Colossal_Kaiju_Combat_Kaijuland_Battles/ Colossal Kaiju Combat™: Kaijuland Battles]
|2014
|Windows (32bit)
|1.30
|1.0.0.467
|09/24/2015
|Kaiju
|
|}
|}


Line 341: Line 409:
!Title
!Title
!Year
!Year
!Platforms
!Platform
!Engine
!Engine
|-
|-
Line 347: Line 415:
|2001
|2001
|PalmOS
|PalmOS
|?
|-
|Prince of Persia: Revelations
|2005
|PSP
|?
|-
|Godzilla: Unleashed: Double Smash
|2007
|DS
|?
|-
|Prince of Persia: Rival Swords
|2007
|PSP/Wii
|?
|-
|Zumba Fitness
|2010
|Xbox 360
|Fabric
|-
|Wreck-It Ralph
|2012
|Wii/DS/3DS
|?
|?
|-
|-
|Godzilla: Smash 3
|Godzilla: Smash 3
|2014
|2014
|Android
|Android/iOS
|Unity
|Unity
|-
|-
|[https://store.steampowered.com/app/384180/Prominence_Poker/ Prominence Poker]
|Godzilla: Smash 3
|2014
|iOS
|?
|-
|Prominence Poker
|2016
|2016
|Windows (32bit)
|Windows (32bit)/PS4/Xbox One
|Unreal
|Unreal
|-
|-
|[https://store.steampowered.com/app/720090/Magic_Spellslingers/ Magic Spellslingers]
|Prominence Poker
|2022
|2016
|Windows/MacOS/iOS/Android
|PS4
|Unity
|?
|}

== Virtual Machine ==
Spigot uses a "PWK Virtual Machine", version 3.01 in Wheel of Fortune (2010, Wii). It appears to be used for scripting, and the scripts are contained in matching .pvd and .pvm files.

== Debug info ==
Some games have shipped with debugging information included, allowing for function/class names to be extracted.

Known games with debugging info:

*[[w:Godzilla:_Unleashed|Godzilla: Unleashed]] (2007, Wii) (partially stripped)
* Wheel of Fortune (2010, Wii)
* Jeopardy (2010, Wii)
* Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (2009, Wii) (partially stripped)
* Zumba Fitness (2010, Wii)
* Merv Griffin's Crosswords (2008, Wii) (partially stripped)
* Gremlins: Gizmo (2011, Wii)
* UDraw Studio (2010, Wii)
* Monster High: Ghoul Spirit (2011, Wii)
* Haunted House (2010, Wii)
* Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?: Make the Grade (2008, Wii)



As for the debug information itself, it's included in a "default.elf" file. This file is not used by the retail game, although supposedly it [https://tcrf.net/Wheel_of_Fortune_(Wii)#ELF_Executable is a perfect match for the retail executable if stripped and converted]. There's no legitimate reason for this file to be left on the disk, so it was presumably included by mistake.

The debugging information in the file is not fully loaded by Ghidra (which seems to just get symbol names). [https://llvm.org/docs/CommandGuide/llvm-dwarfdump.html LLVM-dwarfdump] can be used to get significantly more of it, though not all of it is decodable, and the output will include a lot of "decoding failed" errors.

== Bundle files ==
A key part of the Spigot engine are Pipeworks bundle files. These contain named, typed, and compressed resources for the game to use.

Bundle files are stored in .bdg files, although some games use alternate extensions, such as .bdx (Wheel of Fortune, 2012, Xbox) or .bd9 (Colossal Kaiju Combat™: Kaijuland Battles, 2014, Windows).

Sometimes there is an accompanying .jnl file, but this doesn't appear to be neccessary, and is more of a log file of the tool used to compile the bundle file.

The bundle file comes in many versions, with the most well analyzed at the moment being v1.20.

=== Bundle v1.20 format ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Header definition (BundleFileHeader)
!Offset
!Official Name
!Size
!Type
!Value/Notes
|-
|-
|0
|Prominence Poker
|szSigString
|2016
|40
|Xbox One
|String
|?
|"Pipeworks bundle v1.20 (big endian)   \x1a\0"
|-
|-
|40
|Prince of Persia: Rival Swords
|szProjectName
|2007
|PSP
|32
|String
|Zero-terminated, padded with random bytes
|-
|72
|bBigEndian
|1
|byte
|01 if the file is big endian, 00 if little-endian
|-
|76
|nTotalSize
|4
|BE Int
|
|
|-
|-
|80
|Prince of Persia: Rival Swords
|nTypeNames
|2007
|Wii
|4
|BE Int
|Count of type names
|-
|84
|nTypesOffset
|4
|BE Int
|Offset to the directory of resource types.
|-
|88
|nTypesSize
|4
|BE int
|Length of the directory of resource types
|-
|92
|nResEntries
|4
|BE int
|
|
|-
|-
|96
|Wreck-It Ralph
|nResLocsOffset
|2012
|Wii
|4
|BE int
|
|
|-
|-
|100
|Wreck-It Ralph
|nResReqs
|2012
|DS
|4
|BE int
|
|
|-
|-
|104
|Wreck-It Ralph
|nResReqsOffset
|2012
|3DS
|4
|BE Int
|
|
|-
|-
|108
|Prince of Persia: Revelations
|nForkPairs
|2005
|PSP
|4
|BE int
|
|
|-
|-
|112
|Godzilla: Unleashed: Double Smash
|nForkPairsOffset
|2007
|DS
|4
|BE Int
|?
|
|-
|116
|nNameInfoOffset
|4
|BE Int
|
|-
|120
|nNameInfoSize
|4
|BE Int
|
|}
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Resource directory entry (variable length)
!Offset
!Name
!Size
!Type
!Value/Notes
|-
|0
|unknown
|1
|byte
|seems to be 0x00 or 0x10 in all examples
|-
|1
|flags/type?
|1
|byte
|Unknown purpose. Seen values: 00, 01, 03, 04, 05, 06, 08, 0x0A, 0x11,
|-
|2
|Type name
|n
|string
|Zero-terminated. Sometimes ends with '\0\xFF' for unknown reasons. (padding/off by one error?)
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+Resource chunk index entry (BREntry)
!Offset
!Name
!Size
!Type
!Value/Notes
|-
|0
|nOffset
|4
|BE int
|Offset to where the resource begins
|-
|4
|nSizeAndType
|4
|TypedInt
|Size of the chunk, uncompressed
|-
|8
|nSizeAndCompression
|4
|TypedInt
|Size of the chunk, compressed
|-
|12
|nResourceId
|4
|BE int
|Resource ID of the chunk
|}
TypedInt is a weird data structure used in a view places: It's a 32bit integer, but it's masked with 0x3ffffff on every use. So it's a 26-bit integer.

The top 6 bits are used for type information. The bottom 3 of the top 6 are the compression type (1=compressed, 0=uncompressed), and the top-3 encode how many buffers are needed for loading (0-7)

== Other software ==
at least Wheel of Fortune (2010, Wii) has a separate engine called "RockNRoll" which appears to be used for collision/physics.

It also uses the Fonix middleware for speech (recognition or lip-syncing?), and [https://www.fmod.com/ FMOD] for audio playback. Videos are encoded in the [https://wiki.tockdom.com/wiki/THP_(File_Format) THP format].
<references />

Latest revision as of 00:20, 14 June 2023

History

The Spigot engine appears to have been developed for Pipeworks Studios' second game, Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee (Gamecube, 2002). The June 3rd, 2002 copy of Pipework's Gallery page calls the engine Spigot, confirming the name.

It was expanded and ported to multiple platforms, being used as late as 2012 (Wheel of Fortune for the Wii U) by Pipeworks, and 2014 by external developers (Colossal Kaiju Combat: Kaijuland Battles, by Sunstone Games)

Games possibly using the Spigot Engine

Title Year Platform Bundle version Game version Build date Internal name Game folder (in debug info)
Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee 2002 GameCube 1.18 No version.txt file ? ?
Godzilla: Destroy All Monsters Melee 2003 Xbox ? ? ? ?
Godzilla: Save the Earth 2004 PS2 1.3 No version.txt file ? ?
Godzilla: Save the Earth 2004 Xbox 1.3 4.670 (from XBE) 09/09/2004 ?
Rampage: Total Destruction 2006 GameCube 1.3 6.1.0.25 02/24/2006 ?
Rampage: Total Destruction 2006 Wii 1.4 7.1.0.54 10/16/2006 ?
Rampage: Total Destruction 2006 PS2 1.3 6.1.0.24 02/23/2006 RAMPAGE
NHRA Drag Racing: Countdown to the Championship 2007 PSP 1.4 No version.txt file ? ?
NHRA Drag Racing: Countdown to the Championship 2007 PS2 1.4 2.8.7.626 06/01/2007 DRAGRACE
Godzilla: Unleashed 2007 PS2 1.4 1.0.0.0135 10/12/2007 GZ3PS2
Godzilla: Unleashed 2007 Wii 1.4 6.12.0.0267 10/18/2007 Godzilla3
Boogie 2007 PS2 1.4 5.1.1.398 10/15/2007 Boogie
Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?: Make the Grade 2008 Wii 1.4 1.1.0.554 08/01/2008 FifthGrader
Merv Griffin's Crosswords 2008 Wii 1.03 6.0.0.402 09/26/2008 Crossword
Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian 2009 Wii 1.03 1.0.0.779 03/07/2009 Night
Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian 2009 Xbox 360 1.03 No version.txt file ? Night
Charm Girls Club: Pajama Party 2009 Wii 1.03 1.0.0.512 08/04/2009 GirlsClub E:\Build\GirlsClub\GirlsClub
GeoStorm 2009 Windows (32bit) ? ? ? ?
Monopoly 2010 PSP 1.13 No version.txt file ? Monopoly
Jeopardy 2010 Wii 1.20 1.0.0.430 08/11/2010 Jeopardy E:\Build\WheelJeopardy\Jeopardy
Wheel of Fortune 2010 Wii 1.20 1.0.0.415 08/11/2010 Wheel E:\Build\WheelJeopardy\Wheel
Deadliest Warrior 2010 PS3 ? ? ? ?
Deadliest Warrior 2010 Xbox 360 ? ? ? ?
Zumba Fitness 2010 PS3 v1.20 ? ? Zumba
Zumba Fitness 2010 Wii 1.20 1.0.0.508 10/11/2010 Zumba E:\Build\Zumba\Zumba
UDraw Studio 2010 Wii 1.20 1.0.0.129 09/11/2010 TabletPaint E:\Build\TabletPaint\TabletPaint
Haunted House 2010 Wii 1.20 1.0.0.100 08/19/2010 HauntedHouse P:\ImaginEngine\HauntedHouse\HauntedHouse
UDraw Studio: Instant Artist 2011 Wii 1.30 1.0.0.213 09/05/2011 TabletPaint2 D:\build\TabletPaint2\TabletPaint2
Deadliest Warrior: Legends 2011 PS3 ? ? ? ?
Deadliest Warrior: Legends 2011 Xbox 360 ? ? ? ?
Gremlins: Gizmo 2011 Wii 1.30 1.0.0.309 08/29/2011 GForce E:\Build\GForce\GForce
Monster High: Ghoul Spirit 2011 Wii 1.30 1.0.0.272 01/11/2013 Monster C:\projects\MonsterHigh_2011\Wii\Monster
Devil May Cry: HD Collection 2012 PS3 ? ? ? ?
Devil May Cry: HD Collection&#91;1&#93; 2012 Xbox 360 1.30 No version.txt file ? X360DMC
Wheel of Fortune 2012 PS3 ? ? ? ?
Wheel of Fortune 2012 Wii U 1.30 1.0.0.076 11/19/2012 Wheel
Wheel of Fortune 2012 Xbox 360 1.30 1.0.0.565 09/03/2012 Wheel
Jeopardy! 2012 PS3 ? ? ? ?
Jeopardy! 2012 Wii U 1.30 1.0.0.073 11/14/2012 Jeopardy
Jeopardy! 2012 Xbox 360 1.30 1.0.0.537 08/21/2012 Jeopardy
Deadliest Warrior: Ancient Combat 2012 PS3 ? ? ? ?
Deadliest Warrior: Ancient Combat 2012 Xbox 360 v1.20 1.0.0.046 10/14/2011 DWarrior
Colossal Kaiju Combat™: Kaijuland Battles 2014 Windows (32bit) 1.30 1.0.0.467 09/24/2015 Kaiju

Pipeworks games NOT using the Spigot Engine

Title Year Platforms Engine
GLOM 2001 PalmOS ?
Prince of Persia: Revelations 2005 PSP ?
Godzilla: Unleashed: Double Smash 2007 DS ?
Prince of Persia: Rival Swords 2007 PSP/Wii ?
Zumba Fitness 2010 Xbox 360 Fabric
Wreck-It Ralph 2012 Wii/DS/3DS ?
Godzilla: Smash 3 2014 Android/iOS Unity
Prominence Poker 2016 Windows (32bit)/PS4/Xbox One Unreal
Magic Spellslingers 2022 Windows/MacOS/iOS/Android Unity

Virtual Machine

Spigot uses a "PWK Virtual Machine", version 3.01 in Wheel of Fortune (2010, Wii). It appears to be used for scripting, and the scripts are contained in matching .pvd and .pvm files.

Debug info

Some games have shipped with debugging information included, allowing for function/class names to be extracted.

Known games with debugging info:

  • Godzilla: Unleashed (2007, Wii) (partially stripped)
  • Wheel of Fortune (2010, Wii)
  • Jeopardy (2010, Wii)
  • Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian (2009, Wii) (partially stripped)
  • Zumba Fitness (2010, Wii)
  • Merv Griffin's Crosswords (2008, Wii) (partially stripped)
  • Gremlins: Gizmo (2011, Wii)
  • UDraw Studio (2010, Wii)
  • Monster High: Ghoul Spirit (2011, Wii)
  • Haunted House (2010, Wii)
  • Are You Smarter Than a 5th Grader?: Make the Grade (2008, Wii)


As for the debug information itself, it's included in a "default.elf" file. This file is not used by the retail game, although supposedly it is a perfect match for the retail executable if stripped and converted. There's no legitimate reason for this file to be left on the disk, so it was presumably included by mistake.

The debugging information in the file is not fully loaded by Ghidra (which seems to just get symbol names). LLVM-dwarfdump can be used to get significantly more of it, though not all of it is decodable, and the output will include a lot of "decoding failed" errors.

Bundle files

A key part of the Spigot engine are Pipeworks bundle files. These contain named, typed, and compressed resources for the game to use.

Bundle files are stored in .bdg files, although some games use alternate extensions, such as .bdx (Wheel of Fortune, 2012, Xbox) or .bd9 (Colossal Kaiju Combat™: Kaijuland Battles, 2014, Windows).

Sometimes there is an accompanying .jnl file, but this doesn't appear to be neccessary, and is more of a log file of the tool used to compile the bundle file.

The bundle file comes in many versions, with the most well analyzed at the moment being v1.20.

Bundle v1.20 format

Header definition (BundleFileHeader)
Offset Official Name Size Type Value/Notes
0 szSigString 40 String "Pipeworks bundle v1.20 (big endian)   \x1a\0"
40 szProjectName 32 String Zero-terminated, padded with random bytes
72 bBigEndian 1 byte 01 if the file is big endian, 00 if little-endian
76 nTotalSize 4 BE Int
80 nTypeNames 4 BE Int Count of type names
84 nTypesOffset 4 BE Int Offset to the directory of resource types.
88 nTypesSize 4 BE int Length of the directory of resource types
92 nResEntries 4 BE int
96 nResLocsOffset 4 BE int
100 nResReqs 4 BE int
104 nResReqsOffset 4 BE Int
108 nForkPairs 4 BE int
112 nForkPairsOffset 4 BE Int
116 nNameInfoOffset 4 BE Int
120 nNameInfoSize 4 BE Int
Resource directory entry (variable length)
Offset Name Size Type Value/Notes
0 unknown 1 byte seems to be 0x00 or 0x10 in all examples
1 flags/type? 1 byte Unknown purpose. Seen values: 00, 01, 03, 04, 05, 06, 08, 0x0A, 0x11,
2 Type name n string Zero-terminated. Sometimes ends with '\0\xFF' for unknown reasons. (padding/off by one error?)
Resource chunk index entry (BREntry)
Offset Name Size Type Value/Notes
0 nOffset 4 BE int Offset to where the resource begins
4 nSizeAndType 4 TypedInt Size of the chunk, uncompressed
8 nSizeAndCompression 4 TypedInt Size of the chunk, compressed
12 nResourceId 4 BE int Resource ID of the chunk

TypedInt is a weird data structure used in a view places: It's a 32bit integer, but it's masked with 0x3ffffff on every use. So it's a 26-bit integer.

The top 6 bits are used for type information. The bottom 3 of the top 6 are the compression type (1=compressed, 0=uncompressed), and the top-3 encode how many buffers are needed for loading (0-7)

Other software

at least Wheel of Fortune (2010, Wii) has a separate engine called "RockNRoll" which appears to be used for collision/physics.

It also uses the Fonix middleware for speech (recognition or lip-syncing?), and FMOD for audio playback. Videos are encoded in the THP format.

  1. ↑ Possibly only uses Spigot for the menu system between the games
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